Three-Dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry using a Single Time-of-Flight Camera

Abstract

Time of Flight (ToF) cameras are a type of range-imaging camera that provides three-dimensional scene information from a single camera. This paper assesses the ability of ToF technology to be used for threedimensional particle tracking velocimetry (3D-PTV). Using a commercially available ToF camera various aspects of 3D-PTV are considered, including: minimum resolvable particle size, environmental factors (reflections and refractive index changes) and time resolution. Although it is found that an off-the-shelf ToF camera is not a viable alternative to traditional 3D-PTV measurement systems, basic 3D-PTV measurements are shown with large (6mm) particles in both air and water to demonstrate future potential use as this technology develops. A summary of necessary technological advances is also discussed.